Wilfred Owen ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ Free Essays

The sonnet ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ is a sonnet which shows us the revulsions of war. It gives us how blameless lives are being squandered on a war. The sonnet informs us regarding how the writer feels about war. We will compose a custom exposition test on Wilfred Owen ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now The primary verse informs us concerning the state of the fighters. It gives us that the fighters are debilitated, tired and don't know about themselves. It likewise reveals to us that the officers were beaten up pretty bad. They couldn't have cared less about the shells that dropped behind them. In the primary line the troopers are contrasted in a comparison with old hobos. This suggests they look ratty, which isn't the picture of fighters in splendid gleaming regalia, which would be with regards to the wonderful picture of war. The line has a moderate pace with no stable portrayed, which is additionally a differentiation to the picture of war, as individuals at home may anticipate that the officers should walk along at an energetic pace. The subsequent line proceeds with this them as it analyzes the officers to witches, which resemble hobos. It discloses to you that the troopers are thump kneeded and hacking, which suggests an extremely low resolve. In the subsequent refrain, the artist has expounded on a gas assault that he has seen. This verse educates us concerning the disarray and frenzy, which emerges when the soldiers’ lives are in impending peril. The pace of this stanza is significantly faster so as to show this, and furthermore gives a differentiation to the past refrains as it is written in the current state to cause it to appear to be all the more genuine, though the primary section is written in the ideal tense, which causes it to appear to be increasingly inaccessible. During the gas assault, numerous troopers figured out how to get their gas protective caps on schedule. Yet, one fighter couldn't make it. He was hollering and staggering as the gas overcare him. The artist has seen the deplorable man die in some horrible, nightmarish way. The third refrain is short. It communicates the poet’s fears and bad dreams he has in view of the perishing man arriving at his hand out for help. Be that as it may, Wilfred Owen was powerless. The artist discloses to us that the perishing man was guttering, gagging and suffocating as the gas cleared its path through his lungs. The fourth refrain is disclosing to us a tad about what the warriors did to the dead trooper. They flung him in the rear of a cart. His condition was still terrible. There was blood coming out from his mouth and his face was hanging not so great. The artist at that point tells his ‘friend’ that it isn't on the whole correct to tell sharp and youthful troopers enthusiastic for greatness that ‘ It is a decent and respectable thing to kick the bucket for your country’ as it is a falsehood. Additionally, the last refrain is a request to the peruser to disavow their feeling that perishing for your nation is sew and good. Wilfred Owen is stating that if the peruser was there, and saw this man kicking the bucket in the rear of the cart then they would not tell the old Lie. Owen, by his realistic depiction of the man’s passing, is aiming to stun the peruser into accepting they have been deceived by the Old Lie for example it is acceptable to bite the dust for your nation, and make them contemplate the estimations of war and how they can become saints. Wilfred Owen is making a horrendous image of how awful war is. He has done this by utilizing analogies. In the primary refrain, Owen portrays the depletion of the warriors by saying: â€Å"Bent twofold, similar to old hobos under sacks† In this statement we can see that Owen is revealing to us that the warriors are too drained to even consider walking appropriately and that they can scarcely hold up. He re-authorizes his words by saying: â€Å"Men walked sleeping. Many had lost their boots† This is giving us a striking picture of how worn out and sick the troopers are from war. To add to the environment of despondency, the ‘haunting flares’ infer that the scene is occurring around evening time, as flares are not obvious in the daytime. The way that the flares are ‘haunting’ adds to the wretchedness of the warriors, as it may be the case that they are recollecting past horrendous episodes including the flares that frequent them. The ‘distant rest’ in line four could imply that the warriors are resting for the evening, yet they won't have the option to rest in view of the poor conditions. The word’ trudge’ suggests that they are strolling with trouble, and hinders the line, which demonstrates the gradualness of the soldiers’ walk. The similar sounding word usage in the fifth line accentuates what Wilfred Owen is stating. It makes the representation ‘men walked asleep’ appear to be all the more genuin e and holds the line together over the full stop. ‘Men limping blood shod’ stresses their quandary and that it is so unique to the superb fight they had anticipated. The two lines in this section make the feeling that the troopers are by one way or another in a shock and don't hear sounds completely. It seems as though they have gotten secluded inside themselves. Their sickness is additionally underlined when the writer says: â€Å"†¦ hacking like hags†¦Ã¢â‚¬  From these sentences in the primary verse, we can envision how drained and destroyed the warriors more likely than not been because of the war they are compelled to battle. Wilfred Owen is additionally utilizing analogies to fortify the lines of his sonnet. In the subsequent verse, Owen enlightens us concerning a perishing man when he breathed in the gas. â€Å"But somebody was hollering out and staggering What's more, struggling like a man in fire or lime† From this statement, we get an image of how the withering man felt similarly as he had breathed in the smoke. Wilfred Owen has utilized other abstract procedures, for example, Direct discourse, Alliteration and Onomatopoeia. In the subsequent refrain, Owen has utilized direct discourse to give the peruser a reasonable inclination about what's going on in the sonnet. â€Å"Gas! Gas! Speedy, boys!† The artist has additionally utilized Alliteration. In the third verse, the artist says: â€Å"Behind the cart we flung him in, Also, watch the white eyes squirming in his face† Here the artist is informing us concerning the state wherein the withering man was. The artist has additionally utilized two extraordinary highlights, enjambement and caesura. Wilfred Owen has utilized enjambement all the time from the subsequent refrain. This expands the pace of the sonnet which gives the peruser an inside investigate how quick individuals needed to function at war. Then again, Owen has additionally utilized caesura. This hinders the pace of the sonnet and permits the peruser to consider what the writer is stating. In the third refrain, Owen says: â€Å"His hanging face, similar to a fallen angels tired of sin† Here the writer is letting the peruser to know how the withering man looked like after he breathed in the gas. In the sonnet ‘Dulce et Decorum est’, there are four sections with 28 lines. Each stanza has various lines that shift in each section. The sonnet doesn't have a clear rhyme however generally it goes like a, b, a, b, c, d, c, d, etc yet this example is disturbed a tad in the later piece of the sonnet. Refrain 3 is short as it summarizes the bad dreams Wilfred Owen is experiencing. Since the two lines are in any longer refrains, the reader’s eyes get pulled in to those lines. The sonnet ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ was composed by Wilfred Owen during the First World War. In 1914 the First World War broke out on a to a great extent guiltless world, a world that despite everything related fighting with sublime mounted force charges and the respectable quest for gallant beliefs. This was the world’s first experience of current motorized fighting. As the months and years passed, each bringing expanding butcher and hopelessness, the officers turned out to be progressively baffled. Huge numbers of the most grounded fights the war were made thanks to verse by youngsters stunned by what they saw. One of these writers was Wilfred Owen. World War I, military clash, from 1914 to 1918, that started as a neighborhood European war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia on July 28, 1914; was changed into a general European battle by Germany’s assertion of war against Russia on August 1, 1914; and inevitably turned into a worldwide war including 32 countries. The prompt reason for the war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia was the death on June 28, 1914, at Sarajevo in Bosnia (at that point some portion of the Austro-Hungarian Empire; presently in Bosnia and Herzegovina), of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, beneficiary hypothetical to the Austrian and Hungarian seats, by Gavrilo Princip, a Serb patriot. The principal reasons for the contention, in any case, were established profoundly in the European history of the earlier century, especially in the political and monetary strategies that influenced the Continent following 1871, the year that denoted the rise of Germany as an extraordinary force to be reckoned with. The day to day environments for the troopers were horrible during the First World War. Numerous kicked the bucket because of infections, pandemics and wounds caused through fight. In some cases, the troopers had no ammo to battle with at all and subsequently were left powerless. Everyday environments were as terrible. Many had no appropriate safe house, or apparel. Wilfred Owen had made these conditions a reality in his sonnet. The distinctiveness of the sonnet gives us an impression of how terrible the conditions must’ve been for the troopers during the war. Additionally he is stating this since he feels the fighters are giving their life to no end. In this way he is worrying on the horrible conditions the trooper were living and battling in. Wilfred Owen has composed negative record of his affections for war. He has expounded on the sluggishness of the warriors when he says: â€Å"Men walked sleeping. Many had lost their boots, Be that as it may, limped on, blood-shod. All went faltering, all visually impaired; Flushed with exhaustion; plastered even to the hoots† In this statement we can see that Wilfred Owen is attempting to reveal to us that the officers were worn out. This reveals to us that Wilfred Owen is giving us a negative impression of war This sonnet was wr

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Blog Archive Venture for America Podcast Welcomes Serial Entrepreneur David Kidder

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Cell Membranes Of Proteins And Proteins Essay - 1707 Words

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The Responsibilities of Fatherhood Essay - 1307 Words

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You will learn about the statistics of children that are fatherless or living with a lone parent father. You will also learn the definition of what a father’s role should be in his household. This paper helps the reader understand the importance of a father in his child’s life. Fatherhood in CanadaRead MoreThe Essential Father By Louise Silverstein And Carl Auerbach927 Words   |  4 Pagesyou re no longer wanted or needed in 21st-century America. This news may come as a shock with another Father s Day upon us, but it s just some of what Louise Silverstein and Carl Auerbach concluded in a jaw-dropping study on fathers and fatherhood aptly titled Deconstructing the Essential Father. Published in American Psychologist, a journal of the American Psychological Association, the study s radical conclusions further undermine what was once beyond debate - the idea that fathers

Addie Bundren Biography Essay Example For Students

Addie Bundren Biography Essay Addie Bundren conjures up the central darkness derived from her death and directly or indirectly causes actions in which each Bundren character takes advantage of Addie. With the characters actions revolving around her death, William Faulkners As I Lay Dying reveals the truth about the people who surround a person may take advantage of him or her. The death of Addie Bundren shapes all of the characters actions in life including Addies final request before her death. Addie takes advantage of her death by using it for revenge and inflicting final pains upon some characters, while the other characters use her to get what they want for their personal needs. Addie causes all the painful actions around her family either directly or indirectly. Addie is foremost the prominent abuser of her upcoming death in As I Lay Dying. She predetermines her time to die, and she makes sure that the people in her family whom she dislikes must experience her wrath before she moves on to the next life. Addie is the one who is dying, but she makes revenges run throughout the family and extend beyond Wadlington 35. Inflicting pain mostly on Anse, Addie enjoys herself. Anse, a lazy man, is forced by his wife to take her to Jefferson to be buried as her final request. Addies revenge on Anse was payback for all the times when he just sat around while Addie, her children, and sometimes neighbors do all the hard work for him. Also Addie reacts to Anses arid conventionality by having a clandestine affair with minister Whitfield Wadlington 31. Addie also indirectly hurts one of her favorite sons, Cash. Cash is hurt indirectly when he helps ! his kinfolk carry his mothers coffin to Jefferson, where along the path, he breaks his leg while crossing a flooded river. Although Cash is one of Addies favorites besides Jewel, Addies cruel revenge carries over to Cashs broken leg, which later becomes infected. Besides her indirect action on Cashs leg, Cash is the most favorite of Addie. As Wadlington states, He is very much his mothers son in expressing his feelings through physical action rather than through words by building a coffin for the mother he loves Wadlington 41. Jewel, Addies second favorite next to Cash, seems to be cursed by his callous mother. Jewel can only express himself through physical actions by being cruel. Yelling and screaming is the only way Jewel shows his love for his mother, but Jewels ferocity begins to wear him down physically. Saving his mothers coffin from going downstream and rescuing the coffin from the burning barn were some ways Jewel showed his love, although those actions are quite extreme because Jewel could have been killed. Addies revenge could have killed Jewel, but luckily it did not happen. Addies revenge also affects her little son Vardaman. Teaching of the world is usually the mothers job in the family especially on Addies case since Anse is a lazy bum. As for Vardaman, his  unknowingness comes from his mothers death compounded by his familys failure to communicate reassurance and explanation to him Wadlington 56. Addie did not teach him what was in the world and manners; so as a result, when his mother dies, Vardaman confused his mothers death with a dead fish he caught that day. Vardamans manners are reckless against Dr. Peabody when he came to nurse Addie. Vardaman action was quite extreme when he tried to chase the doctor away because Vardaman is quite irrational in not understanding that Dr. Peabody did not kill his mother. .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 , .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .postImageUrl , .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 , .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:hover , .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:visited , .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:active { border:0!important; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:active , .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712 .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u676f452a988885071334624670a07712:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay About MyselfDewey Dell, Addies daughter, is deprived of a central motherly figure. Addies action in not caring enough for her daughter leads her to become irresponsible with Lafe where Lafe impregnates Dewey Dell. Darl, one of Addies least favorites, is rejected by his mother which injured him psychologically and led him to burn the barn where Addies coffin lay resting in peace Wadlington 30. Darl is sent to an asylum for that demented deed, but could have been prevented if Addie showed more affection toward Darl. Darl is gradually revealed as a rejected son who feels that his mother is not even alive because he calls her Addie Bundren instead of calling her Mother Wadlington 41. If Addie had cared more for her children and spent more time with her children before her death, then possibly none of painful actions that resulted from Addies presence would have happened. As a result her selfishness towards her children in not giving enough tender love and care, her children become deprived in her life which leads to all the characters taking advantage of Addie. Addies death also reflects upon the attitudes between Cash, Darl, and Jewel. Between the three, jealousy is prevalent. Jewel and Darl envy the love that Addie gives Cash, while Darl is Jealous of Jewel; therefore, Darl teases him by always asking him Who was your father? Faulkner 213. Cash, Darl, and Jewel do not get along because of their bitter jealousy of each other. Jewel can never please his mother enough, so he gets mad at Cash while Darl continues to pick on his origin of birth which causes a bitter rivalry between the three Wadlington 32. Away from her family, Addies cruelty leads into her former teaching career where she hates her children and wishes they where vanquished. Addie resents her children similarly in the way she resents her students when she expressed, When school was out and the last one had left with his dirty snuffling nose, instead of going home, I would go down a hill to the spring where I could be quiet and hate them Faulkner 169. Addie seems to portray her hatred for her schoolchildren the same way she hated her own children. Addies death results in more character actions in which all characters except Jewel take advantage of her death in order to obtain what they want. The characters use Addies death as an incentive to look forward  to her death and quickly take her to Jefferson. Anse, the prime tributary, grasps Addies death so he can go to Jefferson to get his long and awaited false teeth. At the end of the journey to Jefferson, he meets his new wife whose name is only presented as Mrs. Bundren to replace his old wife, Addie. Vardaman seems to forget about his mothers death and begins to think only about the cars in the toy store at Jefferson where he tries to get a toy train. Dewey Dell uses Addies death to have a chance to go to the pharmacies at the end of the journey to get an abortion with Lafes ten dollars. Cash seems to want new tools, while Darl just wants to get the burial over with, but his task is not finished because he is sent to an asylum. Overall, Addie uses her death to her advantage, by making her family pay and make them take her to be buried in Jefferson, while the other characters use Addies death to attain what they want. Addie is the central monstrosity against all people who surround her, which leads to the day when she dies where her surrounding community would eventually begin to take advantage of her. All the characters take advantage of Addies death even Addie herself as she gets her revenge on her whole family. .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 , .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .postImageUrl , .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 , .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:hover , .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:visited , .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:active { border:0!important; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:active , .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588 .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7aa83a95072b95773b346f4cabac6588:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: With reference to one specific area of the media d EssayThe curse of Addie enchanted over her family resembles similarly to a type of hex. If Addie is more sincere and more of a motherly figure to her children, then possibly she would enjoy life, and her family would enjoy her and no pain would be inflicted. If Addie expressed her love, then many people would not dare imagine taking advantage of her, but instead, eminently respect her.

US Industrial Revolution Essays - Rockefeller Family, Standard Oil

US Industrial Revolution The Standard Oil Company founded by John D. Rockefeller and the U.S. Steel Company founded by Andrew Carnegie. The Standard Oil Company and U.S. Steel Company were made successful in different ways due to the actions of their different owners. The companies differed in their labor relations, market control, and structural organization. In the steel industry, Carnegie developed a system known as vertical integration. This means that he cut out the middle man. Carnegie bought his own iron and coal mines because using independent companies cost too much and were inefficient. By doing this he was able to undersell his competetors because they had to pay the competitors they went through to get the raw materials. Unlike Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller integrated his oil business from top to bottom, his distinctive innovation in movement of American industry was horizontal. This meant he followed one product through all its stages. For example, rockrfeller controlled the oil when it was drilled, through the refining stage, and he maintained control over the refining process turning it into gasoline. Although these two powerful men used two different methods of management their businesses were still very successful (Conlin, 425-426). Tycoons like Andrew Carnegie, "the steel king," and John D. Rockefeller, "the oil baron," exercised their genius in devising ways to circument competition. Although, Carnegie inclined to be tough-fisted in business, he was not a monopolist and disliked monopolistic trusts. John D. Rockefeller came to dominate the oil industry. With one upward stride after another he organized the Standard Oil Company, which was the nucleus of the great trust that was formed. Rockefeller showed little mercy. He believed primitive savagery prevailed in the jungle world of business, where only the fittest survived. He persued the policy of "ruin or rule." Rockefeller's oil monopoly did turn out a superior product at a relatively cheap price. Rockefeller belived in ruthless business, Carnegie didn't, yet they both had the most successful companies in their industries. (The American Pageant, pages 515-518) Rockefeller treated his customers in the same manner that Andrew Carnegie treated his workers: cruel and harsh. The Standard Oil Company desperately wanted every possible company to buy their products. Standard Oil used ruthless tactics when Rockefeller threatenedto start his own chain of grocery stores and put local merchants out of business if they did not buy oil from Standard Oil Company. Carnegie dealt with his workers with the same cold lack of diplomacy and consideration. Carnegie would encourage an unfriendly competition between two of his workers and he goaded them into outdoing one another. Some of his employees found working under Carnegie unbearable. These rivalries became so important to the employees that somedidn't talk to each other for years (McCloskkey, page 145). Although both Carnegie and Rockefeller created extermely successsful companies, they both used unscrupulous methods in some aspect of their corporation building to get to the top. The success of the Standard Oil Company and U.S. Steel company was credited to the fact that their owners ran them with great authority. In this very competetive time period, many new businesses were being formed and it took talented businessmen to get ahead and keep the companies running and make the fortunes that were made during this period.

DBQ essays

DBQ essays By 1860 the Union had grown to over 36 states. Much of the population had moved its center from farmland to large cities. With the invention of the cotton gin the South ushered in a whole new era of profitable slave labor. In Virginia in 1831 and 1832, the legislation defeated numerous gradual emancipation proposals. After this the state and those surrounding it tightened slave codes and strengthened runaway slave laws. In the North the abolitionist voice was growing stronger through men like Frederick Douglas (a former slave) and William Lloyd Garrison as was the voice for women and human rights. Recent religious and cultural revivals changed brought to stage injustices and cruelty towards other human beings. Though these two sections were a union, protected and defined by the constitution, disagreements over this document had begun to create sectional discord and tension. Ultimately this tension and discord led to the failure of the union it had created. The Compromise of 1850 sparked much controversy in the North and the South. With the admittance of California as a free state, the South was no longer equal in the senate. The territories that were taken from Mexico, New Mexico and Utah, were set to have slavery decided through popular sovereignty (see map Document A). Though they were Southerly territories, it was unlikely that they would decide slave for the sole reason that it was not profitable without much fertile land. In the District of Columbia, slave trade was abolished (but not slavery). The only part of the Compromise that benefited the South at all was the Fugitive slave law (Document C). This allowed Southern slave owners to cross state lines to regain their slaves. It also stated that Slaves could not testify against themselves in court or be on trial by a jury. Both of the parts of the law were constitutional but that is where the problem begins. The constitution does not strictly forbid slavery nor does it recogniz. ..

Public sector and management accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public sector and management accounting - Essay Example Most accounting standards organisations set standards for the running of companies. This is because such companies are in the majority in most nations. And such companies have stakeholders who demand timely and comprehensive financial statements. However, the public sector has distinct requirements and expectations. Due to this unique posture, the public sector requires different standards and frameworks for accounting. The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) sets standards for the public sector in the international community. And these standards are applicable to government agencies and other public sector entities as well as intergovernmental organisations. These standards are known as International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). The aim of this paper is to examine the framework for such standards and how they operate. The paper would examine the important framework and systems for the creation and the operation of IPSASs. It would include a critical review of IPSASB and how they operate as well as their scope. The main objective of the IPSAS is to improve the quality of financial reporting by public sector entities (Jorge, 2008). This is to provide a framework for the provision of periodic reports by these entities that exhibit transparency and accountability (Muller-Marques, 2010). IPSAS is a major set of standards that tries to provide the rules and definitive guidance for the creation of financial statements for these public oriented companies around the world. The main reason why a different set of accounting reporting rules are needed for the public sector is that they have a welfare oriented system which is in contrast with the profit-orientation of the private sector. Hence, there is the need to create a system of rules for the public sector. The main scope of the IPSAS is to provide guidelines for central and decentralised

Comparing two emperors, one Chinese and one Roman Essay

Comparing two emperors, one Chinese and one Roman - Essay Example The Roman Empire began around 1000BCE and its power began from ruling the ancient villages around the city of Rome. In its earlier years of formation the empire was a monarchy but after the overthrowing of Etruscans in 509 BCE the empire turned to a republic and the Romans started their tyrant rules and governance. This essay will cover only the rule of Julius Caesar since this was the backbone of the success of the empire. The Roman Empire headquarters were in Rome and when Julius Caesar was in power, it conquered parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. It became one of the largest empires in history .   The Han China Empire came to power after overthrowing the Qin whose reign was short lived. Qin had abolished feudalism and thus overthrown by Han who ruled from 140-87 BCE. The ruler of the Han was known as Wu Ti . Unlike the Roman Empire the Han Empire did not start as a monarchy since there were magistrate-rule who ensured who was to be the ruler. There are similarities between Han an d Roman Empires in the essence of size of the empire and the acquirement of land to enlarge their empires. Han Empire used his power in the formation of a unified China, then started taking over the neighboring locations. The difference of the growth and acquisition of more land was not as brutal as that used by the Romans. The growth of the Roman Empire was based on conquering any empire that was beginning to gain power and seemed as a threat to the Roman Empire. This is contrary in comparison of the Han Empire.

Tanglewood Measurement and Validation Essay Example for Free

Tanglewood Measurement and Validation Essay I would like to provide my insights into the staffing measurements and validation for the company. Briefly, the practical significance is the extent to which predictor adds value to prediction of job success. It is assessed by examining the sign and resulting magnitude which validities above .15 are of moderate usefulness and validities above .30 are of high usefulness. After reviewing the predictors of traditional selection which are education, work experience and interview score, the conclusion that I have derived is that the statistical significance of these scores are very medium, ranging from 0. 03 to 0.32 of all the areas. The strongest validities of the predictors happen to be work experience that measured against performance with a correlation of 0.22 with 0.01 p-value and 0.25 correlation and 0.01 p-value in promotion potential. Interview score, correlated the highest at the measure of promotion potential 0.32 with a p-value of 0.01. Factoring Tanglewood’s philosophies, the only measures which are meeting the strategy of the company in the old method are: work experience and interview score. But, Tanglewood conducted a pilot study based on the resonations of poor performance in which 10 of the stores based in the Seattle area where all administered new selection tools and they were further compared against the traditional selection method for statistical significance. This study contained 832 applicants for hirings in the Store associate positions. From the conclusion, I derive the highest validities came from the retail knowledge, biodata, applicant exam predicators. These measures rated the highest when it came to performance and promotion potential whereas the other factors remained low to medial (Citizenship/Absence). For the outcome that Tanglewood, is looking for I think the measures should be for hiring process should be: retail knowledge, biodata, and applicant exam.

The Cultural Invasion of Kenya Essay -- American Culture Traditions Es

The Cultural Invasion of Kenya A screeching yell ripped through the house that Wednesday evening, "Ahhhhh, we're being invaded!". My mother rushed into the living room. I pointed to the flickering television screen. "Look," I whispered in disbelief. A few seconds of silence followed. There they were, the words I never thought would appear on our 29 inch Sony screen: "Sizzlin' Hot Country". The appearance of American country music on the Kenyan airwaves was the latest sign that American culture had penetrated the borders of my country. The airing of Garth Brooks and Dolly Parton on the local television station is not the only evidence of the rapid spread of American culture in Kenya. One look at a large portion of its youth and this cultural invasion will become apparent. Baggy pants, Nike, pop music and malls, symbols of American youth culture can now be associated with the Kenyan teenagers. The Nike phenomenon hit Kenya several years ago. My classmates in primary school were obsessed with the American brand name that had rocked the global shoe industry. Their school desks had the Nike name and logo painted on in every color imaginable. Not being able to afford some of the merchandise, many resorted to drawing the logo on bags, clothes, shoes and other visible possessions. Turning up to a class party with the trademark tick appearing on one's footwear simply made one the center of attention. My favorite pair of shoes, I have to admit, were a pair of black Nikes which raised many brows and turned just as many heads. Secondary school had its fair share of examples of the cultural invasion. In most schools in Kenya, students dress in uniforms. For example, in my school it was compulsory to wear a white shirt, gra... ...ols of success. While hip hop and baggy pants may not epitomize American success, Kenyan youth adopt this aspect of American culture perhaps because of the common roots and racial background the majority share with African Americans. Wearing Nike shoes or sagging one's pants may seem to be meaningless gestures. However, wearing shoes that many popular, rich American sporting icons don or sagging pants like the famous hip hop artists makes one different from the rest. It allows one to adopt an American identity, one defined by success and importance. While some would argue that such a spread of American culture would be beneficial because it would, in a sense, create a global village, I think this cultural invasion creates more harm than good. It would result in the demise of local cultures and languages. And this is certainly not a good thing.

Bag of Bones CHAPTER TWO

I never suffered from writer's block during the ten years of my marriage, and did not suffer it immediately after Johanna's death. I was in fact so unfamiliar with the condition that it had pretty well set in before I knew anything out of the ordinary was going on. I think this was because in my heart I believed that such conditions only affected ‘literary† types of the sort who are discussed, deconstructed, and sometimes dismissed in the New York Review of Books. My writing career and my marriage covered almost exactly the same span. I finished the first draft of my first novel, Being Two, not long after Jo and I became officially engaged (I popped an opal ring on the third finger of her left hand, a hundred and ten bucks at Day's Jewellers, and quite a bit more than I could afford at the time . . . but Johanna seemed utterly thrilled with it), and I finished my last novel, All the Way from the Top, about a month after she was declared dead. This was the one about the psychotic killer with the love of high places. It was published in the fall of 1995. I have published other novels since then a paradox I can explain but I don't think there'll be a Michael Noonan novel on any list in the foreseeable future. I know what writer's block is now, all right. I know more about it than I ever wanted to. When I hesitantly showed Jo the first draft of Being Two, she read it in one evening, curled up in her favorite chair, wearing nothing but panties and a tee-shirt with the Maine black bear on the front, drinking glass after glass of iced tea. I went out to the garage (we were renting a house in Bangor with another couple on as shaky financial ground as we were. . and no, Jo and I weren't quite married at that point, although as far as I know, that opal ring never left her finger) and puttered aimlessly, feeling like a guy in a New Yorker cartoon one of those about funny fellows in the delivery waiting room. As I remember, I fucked up a so-simple-a-child-can-do-it birdhouse kit and almost cut off the index finger of my left hand. Every twenty minutes or so I'd go back inside and peek at Jo. If she noticed, she gave no sign. I took that as hopeful. I was sitting on the back stoop, looking up at the stars and smoking, when she came out, sat down beside me, and put her hand on the back of my neck. ‘Well?' I said. ‘It's good,' she said. ‘Now why don't you come inside and do me?' And before I could answer, the panties she had been wearing dropped in my lap in a little whisper of nylon. Afterward, lying in bed and eating oranges (a vice we later outgrew), I asked her: ‘Good as in publishable?' ‘Well,' she said, ‘I don't know anything about the glamorous world of publishing, but I've been reading for pleasure all my life Curious George was my first love, if you want to know ‘ ‘I don't.' She leaned over and popped an orange segment into my mouth, her breast warm and provocative against my arm. ‘ and I read this with great pleasure. My prediction is that your career as a reporter for the Derry News is never going to survive its rookie stage. I think I'm going to be a novelist's wife.' Her words thrilled me actually brought goosebumps out on my arms. No, she didn't know anything about the glamorous world of publishing, but if she believed, I believed . . . and belief turned out to be the right course. I got an agent through my old creative-writing teacher (who read my novel and damned it with faint praise, seeing its commercial qualities as a kind of heresy, I think), and the agent sold Being Two to Random House, the first publisher to see it. Jo was right about my career as a reporter, as well. I spent four months covering flower shows, drag races, and bean suppers at about a hundred a week before my first check from Random House came in $27,000, after the agent's commission had been deducted. I wasn't in the newsroom long enough to get even that first minor bump in salary, but they had a going-away party for me just the same. At Jack's Pub, this was, now that I think of it. There was a banner hung over the tables in the back room which said GOOD LUCK MIKE WRITE ON! Later, when we got home, Johanna said that if envy was acid, there would have been nothing left of me but my belt-buckle and three teeth. Later, in bed with the lights out the last orange eaten and the last cigarette shared I said, ‘No one's ever going to confuse it with Look Homeward, Angel, are they?' My book, I meant. She knew it, just as she knew I had been fairly depressed by my old creative-writing teacher's response to Two. ‘You aren't going to pull a lot of frustrated-artist crap on me, are you?' she asked, getting up on one elbow. ‘If you are, I wish you'd tell me now, so I can pick up one of those do-it-yourself divorce kits first thing in the morning.' I was amused, but also a little hurt. ‘Did you see that first press release from Random House?' I knew she had. ‘They're just about calling me V. C. Andrews with a prick, for God's sake.' ‘Well,' she said, lightly grabbing the object in question, ‘you do have a prick. As far as what they're calling you . . . Mike, when I was in third grade, Patty Banning used to call me a booger-hooker. But I wasn't.' ‘Perception is everything.' ‘Bullshit.' She was still holding my dick and now gave it a formidable squeeze that hurt a little and felt absolutely wonderful at the same time. That crazy old trouser mouse never really cared what it got in those days, as long as there was a lot of it. ‘Happiness is everything. Are you happy when you write, Mike?' ‘Sure.' It was what she knew, anyway. ‘And does your conscience bother you when you write?' ‘When I write, there's nothing I'd rather do except this,' I said, and rolled on top of her. ‘Oh dear,' she said in that prissy little voice that always cracked me up. ‘There's a penis between us.' And as we made love, I realized a wonderful thing or two: that she had meant it when she said she really liked my book (hell, I'd known she liked it just from the way she sat in the wing chair reading it, with a lock of hair falling over her brow and her bare legs tucked beneath her), and that I didn't need to be ashamed of what I had written . . . not in her eyes, at least. And one other wonderful thing: her perception, joined with my own to make the true binocular vision nothing but marriage allows, was the only perception that mattered. Thank God she was a Maugham fan. I was V. C. Andrews with a prick for ten years . . . fourteen, if you add in the post-Johanna years. The first five were with Random; then my agent got a huge offer from Putnam and I jumped. You've seen my name on a lot of bestseller lists . . . if, that is, your Sunday paper carries a list that goes up to fifteen instead of just listing the top ten. I was never a Clancy, Ludlum, or Grisham, but I moved a fair number of hardcovers (V. C. Andrews never did, Harold Oblowski, my agent, told me once; the lady was pretty much a paperback phenomenon) and once got as high as number five on the Times list . . . that was with my second book, The Red-Shirt Man. Ironically, one of the books that kept me from going higher was Steel Machine, by Thad Beaumont (writing as George Stark). The Beaumonts had a summer place in Castle Rock back in those days, not even fifty miles south of our place on Dark Score Lake. Thad's dead now. Suicide. I don't know if it had anything to do with writer's block or not. I stood just outside the magic circle of the mega-bestsellers, but I never minded that. We owned two homes by the time I was thirty-one: the lovely old Edwardian in Derry and, in western Maine, a lakeside log home almost big enough to be called a lodge that was Sara Laughs, so called by the locals for nearly a century. And we owned both places free and clear at a time of life when many couples consider themselves lucky just to have fought their way to mortgage approval on a starter home. We were healthy, faithful, and with our fun-bones still fully attached. I wasn't Thomas Wolfe (not even Tom Wolfe or Tobias Wolff), but I was being paid to do what I loved, and there's no gig on earth better than that; it's like a license to steal. I was what midlist fiction used to be in the forties: critically ignored, genre-oriented (in my case the genre was Lovely Young Woman on Her Own Meets Fascinating Stranger), but well compensated and with the kind of shabby acceptance accorded to state-sanctioned whorehouses in Nevada, the feeling seeming to be that some outlet for the baser instincts should be provided and someone had to do That Sort of Thing. I did That Sort of Thing enthusiastically (and sometimes with Jo's enthusiastic connivance, if I came to a particularly problematic plot crossroads), and at some point around the time of George Bush's election, our accountant told us we were millionaires. We weren't rich enough to own a jet (Grisham) or a pro football team (Clancy), but by the standards of Derry, Maine, we were quite rolling in it. We made love thousands of times, saw thousands of movies, read thousands of books (Jo storing hers under her side of the bed at the end of the day, more often than not). And perhaps the greatest blessing was that we never knew how short the time was. More than once I wondered if breaking the ritual is what led to the writer's block. In the daytime, I could dismiss this as supernatural twaddle but at night that was harder to do. At night your thoughts have an unpleasant way of slipping their collars and running free. And if you've spent most of your adult life making fictions, I'm sure those collars are even looser and the dogs less eager to wear them. Was it Shaw or Oscar Wilde who said a writer was a man who had taught his mind to misbehave? And is it really so far-fetched to think that breaking the ritual might have played a part in my sudden and unexpected (unexpected by me, at least) silence? When you make your daily bread in the land of make-believe, the line between what is and what seems to be is much finer. Painters sometimes refuse to paint without wearing a certain hat, and baseball players who are hitting well won't change their socks. The ritual started with the second book, which was the only one I remember being nervous about I suppose I'd absorbed a fair amount of that sophomore-jinx stuff; the idea that one hit might only be a fluke. I remember an American Lit lecturer's once saying that of modern American writers, only Harper Lee had found a foolproof way of avoiding the second-book blues. When I reached the end of The Red-Shirt Man, I stopped just short of finishing. The Edwardian on Benton Street in Derry was still two years in the future at that point, but we had purchased Sara Laughs, the place on Dark Score (not anywhere near as furnished as it later became, and Jo's studio not yet built, but nice), and that's where we were. I pushed back from my typewriter I was still clinging to my old IBM Selectric in those days and went into the kitchen. It was mid-September, most of the summer people were gone, and the crying of the loons on the lake sounded inexpressibly lovely. The sun was going down, and the lake itself had become a still and heatless plate of fire. This is one of the most vivid memories I have, so clear I sometimes feel I could step right into it and live it all again. What things, if any, would I do differently? I sometimes wonder about that. Early that evening I had put a bottle of Taittinger and two flutes in the fridge. Now I took them out, put them on a tin tray that was usually employed to transport pitchers of iced tea or Kool-Aid from the kitchen to the deck, and carried it before me into the living room. Johanna was deep in her ratty old easy chair, reading a book (not Maugham that night but William Denbrough, one of her contemporary favorites). ‘Ooo,' she said, looking up and marking her place. ‘Champagne, what's the occasion?' As if, you understand, she didn't know. ‘I'm done,' I said. ‘Mon livre est tout fini.' ‘Well,' she said, smiling and taking one of the flutes as I bent down to her with the tray, ‘then that's all right, isn't it?' I realize now that the essence of the ritual the part that was alive and powerful, like the one true magic word in a mouthful of gibberish was that phrase. We almost always had champagne, and she almost always came into the office with me afterward for the other thing, but not always. Once, five years or so before she died, she was in Ireland, vacationing with a girlfriend, when I finished a book. I drank the champagne by myself that time, and entered the last line by myself as well (by then I was using a Macintosh which did a billion different things and which I used for only one) and never lost a minute's sleep over it. But I called her at the inn where she and her friend Bryn were staying; I told her I had finished, and listened as she said the words I'd called to hear words that slipped into an Irish telephone line, travelled to a microwave transmitter, rose like a prayer to some satellite, and then came back down to my ear: ‘Well, then that's all right, isn't it?' This custom began, as I say, after the second book. When we'd each had a glass of champagne and a refill, I took her into the office, where a single sheet of paper still stuck out of my forest-green Selectric. On the lake, one last loon cried down dark, that call that always sounds to me like something rusty turning slowly in the wind. ‘I thought you said you were done,' she said. ‘Everything but the last line,' I said. ‘The book, such as it is, is dedicated to you, and I want you to put down the last bit.' She didn't laugh or protest or get gushy, just looked at me to see if I really meant it. I nodded that I did, and she sat in my chair. She had been swimming earlier, and her hair was pulled back and threaded through a white elastic thing. It was wet, and two shades darker red than usual. I touched it. It was like touching damp silk. ‘Paragraph indent?' she asked, as seriously as a girl from the steno pool about to take dictation from the big boss. ‘No,' I said, ‘this continues.' And then I spoke the line I'd been holding in my head ever since I got up to pour the champagne.'†He slipped the chain over her head, and then the two of them walked down the steps to where the car was parked.†' She typed it, then looked around and up at me expectantly. ‘That's it,' I said. ‘You can write The End, I guess.' Jo hit the RETURN button twice, centered the carriage, and typed The End under the last line of prose, the IBM's Courier type ball (my favorite) spinning out the letters in their obedient dance. ‘What's the chain he slips over her head?' she asked me. ‘You'll have to read the book to find out.' With her sitting in my desk chair and me standing beside her, she was in perfect position to put her face where she did. When she spoke, her lips moved against the most sensitive part of me. There were a pair of cotton shorts between us and that was all. ‘Ve haff vays off making you talk,' she said. ‘I'll just bet you do,' I said. I at least made a stab at the ritual on the day I finished All the Way from the Top. It felt hollow, form from which the magical substance had departed, but I'd expected that. I didn't do it out of superstition but out of respect and love. A kind of memorial, if you will. Or, if you will, Johanna's real funeral service, finally taking place a month after she was in the ground. It was the last third of September, and still hot the hottest late summer I can remember. All during that final sad push on the book, I kept thinking how much I missed her . . . but that never slowed me down. And here's something else: hot as it was in Derry, so hot I usually worked in nothing but a pair of boxer shorts, I never once thought of going to our place at the lake. It was as if my memory of Sara Laughs had been entirely wiped from my mind. Perhaps that was because by the time I finished Top, that truth was finally sinking in. She wasn't just in Ireland this time. My office at the lake is tiny, but has a view. The office in Derry is long, book-lined, and windowless. On this particular evening, the overhead fans there are three of them were on and paddling at the soupy air. I came in dressed in shorts, a tee-shirt, and rubber thong sandals, carrying a tin Coke tray with the bottle of champagne and the two chilled glasses on it. At the far end of that railroad-car room, under an eave so steep I'd had to almost crouch so as not to bang my head when I got up (over the years I'd also had to withstand Jo's protests that I'd picked the absolute worst place in the room for a workstation), the screen of my Macintosh glowed with words. I thought I was probably inviting another storm of grief -maybe the worst storm but I went ahead anyway . . . and our emotions always surprise us, don't they? There was no weeping and wailing that night; I guess all that was out of my system. Instead there was a deep and wretched sense of loss the empty chair where she used to like to sit and read, the empty table where she would always set her glass too close to the edge. I poured a glass of champagne, let the foam settle, then picked it up. ‘I'm done, Jo,' I said as I sat there beneath the paddling fans. ‘So that's all right, isn't it?' There was no response. In light of all that came later, I think that's worth repeating there was no response. I didn't sense, as I later did, that I was not alone in a room which appeared empty. I drank the champagne, put the glass back on the Coke tray, then filled the other one. I took it over to the Mac and sat down where Johanna would have been sitting, if not for everyone's favorite loving God. No weeping and wailing, but my eyes prickled with tears. The words on the screen were these: today wasn't so bad, she supposed. She crossed the grass to her car, and laughed when she saw the white square of paper under the windshield. Cam Delancey, who refused to be discouraged, or to take no for an answer, had invited her to another of his Thursday-night wine-tasting parties. She took the paper, started to tear it up, then changed her mind and stuck it in the hip pocket of her jeans, instead. ‘No paragraph indent,' I said, ‘this continues.' Then I keyboarded the line I'd been holding in my head ever since I got up to get the champagne. There was a whole world out there; Cam Delancey's wine-tasting was as good a place to start as any. I stopped, looking at the little flashing cursor. The tears were still prickling at the corners of my eyes, but I repeat that there were no cold drafts around my ankles, no spectral fingers at the nape of my neck. I hit RETURN twice. I clicked on CENTER. I typed The End below the last line of prose, and then I toasted the screen with what should have been Jo's glass of champagne. ‘Here's to you, babe,' I said. ‘I wish you were here. I miss you like hell.' My voice wavered a little on that last word, but didn't break. I drank the Taittinger, saved my final line of copy, transferred the whole works to floppy disks, then backed them up. And except for notes, grocery lists, and checks, that was the last writing I did for four years.

Social and Economic Development in Colonial Virginia in...

The seventeenth century marked the start of great colonization and immigration to the New World that was North America. Mainly in on the eastern coast of what is now the United States, England established colonies on this new land to thrive socially and economically. The English government readily sent its citizens to America to exploit its abundant source of raw materials and the English people exponentially came to the colonies to start a new life for themselves and to thrive socially. In Virginia during the seventeenth century, the geographical attributes in this region allowed the establishment of the cash crop tobacco to rapidly transform the colony socially and economically. Particularly in the Chesapeake Bay, the goal of social and†¦show more content†¦The land became rapidly exploited and cultivated to produce tobacco. After the establishment of this cash crop, tobacco was glorified and largely advertised in both the colonies and England. As well as its large cultiva tion of tobacco, its connection to what became known as the Chesapeake Bay served as a prominent economic aspect to Virginia. By mid-century, the establishment of indentured servants had been regulated and used frequently by plantation owners. This being a prominent factor to Virginias social development, its downfall and rise of slavery also played a prime role in social transformation. Bacons Rebellion in 1676 was the first rebellion in the colonies and it largely resulted in the hardening of racial lines with slavery. The plantation owners and farmers now saw it as a dangerous asset to have white indentured servants as workers and also saw having slaves as a much higher profit. By the establishment of the Virginia colony and its use of producing the tobacco cash crop, boatloads of slaves were brought to work and profit the upper class plantation owners. What became known as the Middle Passage became nothing more to the white upper-class than profit and population increase. At the end of the seventeenth century, it was established that 40,000 people lived in Virginia however the number of slaves brought to the colony was unknown. With the progression within theShow MoreRelatedEarly civilization of North America1575 Words   |  6 PagesSpanish settlers were the first to immigrate to America. They formed colonies in the West Indies, Mexico and South America. On the other hand, English emigrants arrived to New England, Virginia and other parts of America, which later formed the United States. Immigration to the â€Å"New World† took pace in the early 1600s and grew from a group of few hundred colonists to a flood of millions of newcomers. These new settlers started building a new civilization in the northern region. 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